No-one was injured in the fire, which started after the museum was closed for the day, local media report. About 50 firefighters have been trying to contain the inferno since 7 pm local time. The flames quickly spread through the 10th century wooden mansion that houses the museum. Images from the scene show the entire building burning on the inside.

The National Museum is one of the Americas' oldest and largest, holding over 20 million objects pertaining to natural history and anthropology. It is housed inside the Sao Cristovao palace in Rio de Janeiro, a former residence of the Portuguese royal family.

The National Museum houses the largest collection of Egyptian archaeology in Latin America, numbering over 700 items. It also boasts a vast collection of minerals and fossils.

According to the museum’s deputy director, there were plenty of highly flammable items inside the building that could have triggered the blaze.

"There were a lot of items that could cause a fire, we had a plan to remove those substances from the museum, but unfortunately that happened," Cristiana Cerezo told The Globe.

The extent of the damage to the museum's contents is unknown so far, as is the exact cause of the fire. Authorities have launched an investigation.

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