Signed into law late on Thursday night, the bill requires the US State Department to help Taiwan strengthen diplomatic ties in the Indo-Pacific region, threatening to penalize nations that “undermine the security or prosperity” of the Chinese territory.

The law is supposed to “send a strong message to nations that there will be consequences for supporting Chinese actions that undermine Taiwan,” according to its authors, Senators Cory Gardner (R-Colorado) and Chris Coons (D-Delaware).

Beijing has voiced staunch opposition to the law, passed unanimously by the Senate last October and by the House earlier this month, with Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian urging Washington to “handle issues relating to Taiwan prudently to avoid damaging bilateral relations.” Zhao also noted the law violates the “one-China” principle, under which Taiwan is inalienable Chinese territory. The principle is often described by officials in Beijing as the “political foundation of the China-US relationship.”

In addition to frequent  transits of US warships through the Taiwan Strait, Beijing has also repeatedly expressed concerns over Trump’s military support to Taiwan and deepening US ties with the island via the 2018 Taiwan Travel Act.

Taiwan’s Economic and Cultural Representative Office – the island’s main agent in the US – hailed the move soon after the bill’s signing, thanking the president and Congress for their “staunch support.”